Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative Colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the inner lining of the large intestine and rectum. It causes inflammation, ulceration and bleeding, leading to diarrhea and abdominal pain. The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Common symptoms include diarrhea with blood or pus, abdominal pain and cramping, and weight loss. The disease can vary in severity, ranging from mild to severe, and can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life.

Diagnosis of ulcerative colitis often involves a physical exam, blood tests, stool analysis, colonoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the severity and location of inflammation, but can include medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and biologic therapies. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the colon and rectum.

How is Ulcerative Colitis treated?

Managing ulcerative colitis requires a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle changes and emotional support. A healthy diet and exercise, stress management, and avoiding triggers can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of flare-ups. People with ulcerative colitis should work closely with their healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan.

1. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as aminosalicylates (e.g. mesalamine) and corticosteroids (e.g. prednisone)
2. Immunomodulators (e.g. azathioprine, methotrexate) to suppress the immune system
3. Biologic therapies (e.g. infliximab, adalimumab) that target specific proteins involved in inflammation.
4. Newer medications such as interleukin-inhibitors are also available when clinically needed. 

The choice of medication depends on the severity and location of the disease, as well as the patient's response and tolerance to the drugs. In severe cases, surgery may also be necessary to remove the affected portion of the intestine.

It is important for patients with Ulcerative Colitis to work closely with their healthcare provider to determine the best treatment plan for their individual needs. Regular monitoring and adjustments to medication and lifestyle are needed to effectively manage the disease and improve quality of life.

Call Gastrointestinal & Liver Consultants today or book an appointment online to receive prompt, expert Ulcerative Colitis diagnosis and treatment.